![]() ![]() We tried to explore various clinical predisposing factors for gadolinium deposition by including patients in whon only MICA was used. Since 2009, a macrocyclic ionic MR contrast agent (MICA) has been used as a primary GBCA at our hospital. Thus, a clinical study based on these various other clinical factors that has a sufficient population size, may be needed to demonstrate an association between GBCA use and intracranial gadolinium deposition. Previous studies, in which number of patients ranged from 30 to 50, have lacked the statistical power to address this issue. Various other clinical conditions-including multiple contrast agent administrations, imaging interval, or treatment regimen-may be predisposing factors for intracranial gadolinium deposition. One clinical study reported the association between T1 high signal intensity in the DN and use of gadobuterol, but the study design included a homogeneous group of patients with a specific disease, and thus the generalizability of this study is debatable. Many clinical studies have reported a T1 SI change for the 3 commercially available macrocyclic GBCAs- gadoteridol, gadobutrol, and gadoterate meglumine, but these increases were not found to be statistically significant. Meanwhile macrocylic GBCAs are recognized as a relatively stable contrast agent, and experimental studies have not found any causal relationship for T1 high signal intensity (SI) in the DN and/or GP. After linear GBCA use, T1 hyperintensity is shown to occur not only in the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP), but also in various other brain regions and a dose-dependent relationship has been shown. The chemical structure of GBCA is critically important in gadolinium exposure considering that the linear chelate complex imposes a greater risk of gadolinium release compared to macrocyclic complex. Though a recent large cohort study showed no association between gadolinium exposure and parkinsonism, the in vivo stability of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) remains an important issue. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (grant number: NRF-2017R1A2A2A05001217) and a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI14C1090). Received: MaAccepted: AugPublished: August 31, 2017Ĭopyright: © 2017 Lee et al. PLoS ONE 12(8):Įditor: Tomonori Kanda, Teikyo University School of Medicine, JAPAN (2017) Up to 52 administrations of macrocyclic ionic MR contrast agent are not associated with intracranial gadolinium deposition: Multifactorial analysis in 385 patients. ![]() Citation: Lee JY, Park JE, Kim HS, Kim S-O, Oh JY, Shim WH, et al. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |